Schedule Maker « Python recipes

This CGI program is designed to create schedules once given valid information on a form. It is not designed to look pretty but tests the ability to combine custom modules in different sized projects. It has minimal functionality but gets its job done in a timely manner and in a format that can be understood.

      ################################################################################
# index.py
################################################################################

import html_help
import os
import sys
import time
import Zcgi

KEYS = 'description', 'start', 'end', 'sunday', 'monday', \
       'tuesday', 'wednesday', 'thursday', 'friday', 'saturday'

class soft_dict:
    
    def __init__(self, dictionary, format):
        self.__dictionary = dictionary
        self.__format = format
        
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        try:
            if self.__dictionary[key]:
                return self.__format % self.__dictionary[key]
        except:
            pass
        return ''

class WeekError:

    def __init__(self, string):
        self.__string = string

    def __str__(self):
        return self.__string

def main():
    if Zcgi.dictionary is None:
        show_form()
    elif has_keys(Zcgi.dictionary, KEYS):
        show_table()
    else:
        show_form()

def show_form(error=''):
    if error:
        error = '\t\t<b>' + error + '</b>\n'
    values = soft_dict(Zcgi.dictionary, ' value="%s"')
    Zcgi.print_html('''<html>
\t<head>
\t\t<title>
\t\t\tSchedule Maker
\t\t</title>
\t</head>
\t<body>
%s\t\t<form action="%s">
\t\t\tDescription:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="description" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tStart Date:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="start" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tEnd Date:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="end" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tSunday:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="sunday" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tMonday:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="monday" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tTuesday:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="tuesday" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tWednesday:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="wednesday" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tThursday:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="thursday" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tFriday:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="friday" size="25"><br>
\t\t\tSaturday:<br>
\t\t\t<input type="text"%s name="saturday" size="25"><br>
\t\t\t<input type="submit" value="Create Schedule">
\t\t</form>
\t</body>
</html>''' % tuple([error, os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])] \
                   + unpack(values, KEYS)))

def has_keys(dictionary, keys):
    for key in keys:
        if not dictionary.has_key(key):
            return False
    return True

def show_table():
    values = Zcgi.dictionary
    if not values['description']:
        show_form('You must enter a description.')
    try:
        start = time.strptime(values['start'], '%m/%d/%y')
        end = time.strptime(values['end'], '%m/%d/%y')
    except:
        show_form('Dates must be in the MM/DD/YY format.')
    try:
        assert time.mktime(end) > time.mktime(start)
    except:
        show_form('The end date must come after the start date.')
    try:
        check_week(values, KEYS[3:])
    except WeekError, problem:
        show_form(str(problem))
    html = create_html(values['description'], start, end, unpack(values, KEYS[3:]))
    Zcgi.print_html(html)

def unpack(values, keys):
    unpacked = []
    for key in keys:
        unpacked.append(values[key])
    return unpacked

def check_week(dictionary, keys):
    for key in keys:
        try:
            if not dictionary[key]:
                continue
            hm = dictionary[key].split('-')
            assert len(hm) == 2
            first = time.strptime(hm[0].strip(), '%H:%M')
            second = time.strptime(hm[1].strip(), '%H:%M')
            dictionary[key] = hm[0].strip() + ' - ' + hm[1].strip()
        except:
            raise WeekError(key.capitalize() + ' should be in the HH:MM - HH:MM format.')
        try:
            assert second.tm_hour * 60 + second.tm_min > first.tm_hour * 60 + first.tm_min
        except:
            raise WeekError('Start time must come before end time on ' + key.capitalize() + '.')

def create_html(description, start, end, week):
    html = '''<html>
\t<head>
\t\t<title>
\t\t\tThe Schedule
\t\t</title>
\t</head>
\t<body>
\t\t<center>
'''
    start_month = start.tm_year * 12 + (start.tm_mon - 1)
    end_month = end.tm_year * 12 + (end.tm_mon - 1)
    for month in range(start_month, end_month + 1):
        html += html_help.html_table(1, 1, 3, '\t').mutate(0, 0, create_month_html(description, start, end, week, month)).html() + '\n'
        if month != end_month:
            html += '\t\t\t<hr>\n'
    return html + '\t\t</center>\n\t</body>\n</html>'

def create_month_html(description, start, end, week, month):
    start = time.mktime(start) - 43200
    end = time.mktime(end) + 43200
    now = time.strptime(str((month / 12) % 100).zfill(2) + ' ' +  str(month % 12 + 1) + ' 01', '%y %m %d')
    html = '<b>' + time.strftime('%B %Y', now) + '</b>\n'
    html_month = html_help.html_month((month / 12) % 100, month % 12 + 1, 0, '\t')
    html_month.table_option('border="1" width="800"').row_option('valign="top"').column_option('width="14%"')
    now_month = now.tm_mon
    while now.tm_mon == now_month:
        mktime = time.mktime(now)
        if start <= mktime <= end:
            week_day = (now.tm_wday + 1) % 7
            if week[week_day]:
                html_month.mutate(now.tm_mday, '<b>' + description + '</b><br>\n' + week[week_day])
        now = time.localtime(mktime + 86400)
    return html + html_month.html()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    Zcgi.execute(main, 'cgi')

################################################################################
# html_help.py
################################################################################

import time
import Zam

class html_table:

    def __init__(self, rows, columns, indent, style):
        self.__matrix = Zam.matrix(rows, columns, '')
        self.__indent = indent
        self.__style = style
        self.__table_option = ''
        self.__row_option = ''
        self.__column_option = ''

    def mutate(self, row, column, text):
        assert type(text) is str
        self.__matrix[row][column] = text
        return self

    def access(self, row, column):
        return self.__matrix[row][column]

    def table_option(self, string):
        assert type(string) is str
        self.__table_option = string
        return self

    def row_option(self, string):
        assert type(string) is str
        self.__row_option = string
        return self

    def column_option(self, string):
        assert type(string) is str
        self.__column_option = string
        return self

    def html(self):
        html = self.__style * self.__indent + '<table'
        if self.__table_option:
            html += ' ' + self.__table_option
        html += '>\n'
        for row in self.__matrix:
            html += self.__style * (self.__indent + 1) + '<tr'
            if self.__row_option:
                html += ' ' + self.__row_option
            html += '>\n'
            for item in row:
                html += self.__style * (self.__indent + 2) + '<td'
                if self.__column_option:
                    html += ' ' + self.__column_option
                html += '>\n'
                html += ''.join([self.__style * (self.__indent  + 3) + line + '\n' for line in item.splitlines()])
                html += self.__style * (self.__indent + 2) + '</td>\n'
            html += self.__style * (self.__indent + 1) + '</tr>\n'
        return html + self.__style * self.__indent + '</table>'

class html_month:

    def __init__(self, year, month, indent, style):
        matrix = self.__make_matrix(year, month)
        self.__table = html_table(len(matrix) + 1, 7, indent, style)
        for index, item in enumerate(('Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday')):
            self.__table.mutate(0, index, '<b>' + item + '</b>')
        for row in range(len(matrix)):
            for column in range(7):
                if matrix[row][column]:
                    self.__table.mutate(row + 1, column, '<b>' + str(matrix[row][column]).zfill(2) + '</b>\n<hr>\n')

    def __make_matrix(self, year, month):
        rows = [Zam.array(7, 0)]
        row = 0
        now = time.localtime(time.mktime(time.strptime(str(year).zfill(2) + ' ' + str(month).zfill(2) + ' 01', '%y %m %d')) + 14400)
        self.__first_day = (now.tm_wday + 1) % 7
        once = False
        while now.tm_mon == month:
            if once:
                if now.tm_wday == 6:
                    rows.append(Zam.array(7, 0))
                    row += 1
            else:
                once = True
            rows[row][(now.tm_wday + 1) % 7] = now.tm_mday
            self.__days_in_month = now.tm_mday
            now = time.localtime(time.mktime(now) + 86400)
        return rows

    def mutate(self, day, text):
        row, column = self.__get_pos(day)
        self.__table.mutate(row, column, self.__table.access(row, column)[:15] + text)
        return self

    def access(self, day):
        row, column = self.__get_pos(day)
        return self.__table.access(row, column)[15:]

    def __get_pos(self, day):
        assert 1 <= day <= self.__days_in_month
        pos = self.__first_day - 1 + day
        return pos / 7 + 1, pos % 7

    def table_option(self, string):
        self.__table.table_option(string)
        return self

    def row_option(self, string):
        self.__table.row_option(string)
        return self

    def column_option(self, string):
        self.__table.column_option(string)
        return self

    def html(self):
        return self.__table.html()

################################################################################
# Zam.py
################################################################################

# Name & Description
# ==================

'''Support module for array and matrix use.

This module provides two classes that emulate one and two
dimentional lists with fixed sizes but mutable internals.'''

# Data & Imports
# ==============

__all__ = ['array', 'matrix']
__version__ = '1.1'

import sys

# Public Names
# ============

class array(object):

    '''array(length) -> new array
    array(length, value) -> initialized from value'''

    def __init__(self, length, value=None):
        '''x.__init__(...) initializes x'''
        self.__data = range(length)
        for index in range(length):
            self.__data[index] = value

    def __repr__(self):
        '''x.__repr__() <==> repr(x)'''
        return repr(self.__data)

    def __len__(self):
        '''x.__len__() <==> len(x)'''
        return len(self.__data)

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        '''x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y]'''
        return self.__data[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        '''x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y'''
        self.__data[key] = value

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        '''x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y]'''
        self.__data[key] = None

    def __iter__(self):
        '''x.__iter__() <==> iter(x)'''
        return iter(self.__data)

    def __contains__(self, value):
        '''x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x'''
        return value in self.__data

class matrix(object):

    '''matrix(rows, columns) -> new matrix
    matrix(rows, columns, value) -> initialized from value'''

    def __init__(self, rows, columns, value=None):
        '''x.__init__(...) initializes x'''
        self.__data = array(rows)
        for index in range(rows):
            self.__data[index] = array(columns, value)

    def __repr__(self):
        '''x.__repr__() <==> repr(x)'''
        return repr(self.__data)

    def __len__(self):
        '''x.__len__() <==> len(x)'''
        return len(self.__data)

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        '''x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y]'''
        return self.__data[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        '''x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y'''
        self.__data[key] = array(len(self.__data[key]), value)

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        '''x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y]'''
        self.__data[key] = array(len(self.__data[key]))

    def __iter__(self):
        '''x.__iter__() <==> iter(x)'''
        return iter(self.__data)

    def __contains__(self, value):
        '''x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x'''
        for item in self.__data:
            if value in item:
                return True
        return False

# Private Names
# =============

def main():
    print 'Content-Type: text/plain'
    print
    print file(sys.argv[0]).read()

# Execute Main
# ============

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

################################################################################
# Zcgi.py
################################################################################

# Name & Description
# ==================

'''Support module for use by CGI scripts.

This module provides several functions and variables
that help with printing text and accessing form data.'''

# Data & Imports
# ==============

__all__ = ['execute', 'print_html', 'print_plain', 'print_self',
           'dictionary', 'string']
__version__ = '1.2'

import os
import sys
import types

# Public Names
# ============

def execute(main, exception):
    '''execute(function main, str exception)

    Execute main unless exception.'''
    assert_type((types.FunctionType, main), (str, exception))
    if exception == string:
        print_self()
    else:
        main()

def print_html(text):
    '''print_html(str text)

    Print text as HTML.'''
    assert_type((str, text))
    print 'Content-Type: text/html'
    print
    print text
    sys.exit(0)

def print_plain(text):
    '''print_plain(str text)

    Print text as plain.'''
    assert_type((str, text))
    print 'Content-Type: text/plain'
    print
    print text
    sys.exit(0)

def print_self():
    '''print_self()

    Print __main__ as plain.'''
    print 'Content-Type: text/plain'
    print
    print file(sys.argv[0]).read()
    sys.exit(0)

# Private Names
# =============

def export():
    global dictionary, string
    dictionary = string = None
    try:
        string = os.environ['QUERY_STRING']
        temp = string.replace('+', ' ').split('&')
        for index in range(len(temp)):
            temp[index] = temp[index].split('=')
        dictionary = dict()
        for parameter, value in temp:
            dictionary[decode(parameter)] = decode(value)
    except:
        pass

def decode(string):
    assert_type((str, string))
    index = string.find('%')
    while index != -1:
        string = string[:index] + chr(int(string[index+1:index+3], 16)) + string[index+3:]
        index = string.find('%', index + 1)
    return string

def assert_type(*tuples):
    for types, objects in tuples:
        if type(objects) is not types:
            raise TypeError

# Execute Conditional
# ===================

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print_self()
else:
    export()

      

The code here is useful to demonstrate a multi-custom-module CGI program. Some of the code presented here also has some useful applications else where because of its modular structure (such as html_help.py). This program was created for the purpose of entering limited scheduling information and have that information presented in an HTML format that could easily be read and understood. There are no known issues with this recipe, but you are welcome to find them and point them out for correction. This is the very first version of this code and was not designed to be fast -- just to work. The Python Library Reference was found to be extremely helpful in the creation of this recipe (as with the writing of most programs).

Note that several original bugs have been fixed including:

DST bug causing incorect rendering of months
month calculation bug causing crash of program

Tags: cgi

5 comments

Stephen Chappell (author) 18 years, 1 month ago # | flag

Oops.

description=HI+102&start=01%2F16%2F06&end=04%2F28%2F06&sunday=&monday=13%3A00+-+13%3A50&tuesday=10%3A00+-+10%3A50&wednesday=13%3A00+-+13%3A50&thursday=10%3A00+-+10%3A50&friday=13%3A00+-+13%3A50&saturday=

The previous query string works for me, and many query strings will work, but it has been demonstrated (by adding another year to the end date) that this recipe is incomplete. It seems that the following line has a problem with it.

now = time.strptime(str((month / 12) % 100).zfill(2) + ' ' +  str(month % 12) + ' 01', '%y %m %d')

The problem has not yet been solved.

Stephen Chappell (author) 18 years, 1 month ago # | flag

Corrected. The most current version of this program should now work correctly.

Austin Trombley 12 years, 8 months ago # | flag

Where do you save the different .py files so that they import into the program? When I saved this program and ran it, it bunks out at the

================================================================================

schedule_maker.py

Because there is no leading # which I assume it means you need to save these separate .py's? But where do I save them so that python knows where to import them?

Stephen Chappell (author) 12 years, 8 months ago # | flag

(1) First of all, you need to configure a web server to run Python CGI programs. If you have not already done so, you may check http://www.aprelium.com/ and see their documentation on setting up their particular server for Python CGI. (2) The second thing to do is place the four different files up above in a directory together that you can reach by way of the server. (3) Going to the correct path and running schedule_maker.py should allow you to see what the program does.

Please note that this is old code that has hardly been maintained for the past five years. By my own current standards, this program would be rewritten from scratch if there were time to do so. If you need any other help, you can contact me at Noctis.Skytower@gmail.com and ask whatever other questions you might have.

Victor Mutasa Kyefulumya 8 years, 10 months ago # | flag

I tried to run this code on terminal and got this error message Traceback (most recent call last): File "Schedule.py", line 5, in <module> import html_help ImportError: No module named html_help what does this mean?

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Schedule Maker (Python recipe) by Stephen Chappell
ActiveState Code (http://code.activestate.com/recipes/475112/)

5 comments

schedule_maker.py

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Schedule Maker (Python recipe) by Stephen Chappell ActiveState Code (http://code.activestate.com/recipes/475112/)

5 comments

schedule_maker.py

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ActiveState

Schedule Maker (Python recipe) by Stephen Chappell
ActiveState Code (http://code.activestate.com/recipes/475112/)