I wanted to touch a particular web page (in order to open/close a database connection inside of Zope) so I came up with this module which uses urllib2 to make the web connection
I was not sure what a 'realm' was, so first I made the HTTPRealmFinder to find out what the realm is.
The HTTPinger calls my required page and acts according to the http return code.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 | # I wanted to touch a particular web page (in order to open/
# close a database connection inside of Zope) so I came
# up with this module which uses urllib2 to make the
# web connection
#
# I was not sure what a 'realm' was, so first I made the
# HTTPRealmFinder to find out what the realm is.
# The HTTPinger calls my required page and acts according
# to the http return code.
import urllib2
from urlparse import urlparse
class HTTPinger:
def ping(self, url, webuser, webpass):
scheme, domain, path, x1, x2, x3 = urlparse(url)
finder = HTTPRealmFinder(url)
realm = finder.get()
handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler()
handler.add_password(realm, domain, webuser, webpass)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(handler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
try:
urllib2.urlopen(url)
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
if e.code == 401:
print 'not authorized'
elif e.code == 404:
print 'not found'
elif e.code == 503:
print 'service unavailable'
else:
print 'unknown error: '
else:
print 'success'
class HTTPRealmFinderHandler(urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler):
def http_error_401(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers):
realm_string = headers['www-authenticate']
q1 = realm_string.find('"')
q2 = realm_string.find('"', q1+1)
realm = realm_string[q1+1:q2]
self.realm = realm
class HTTPRealmFinder:
def __init__(self, url):
self.url = url
scheme, domain, path, x1, x2, x3 = urlparse(url)
handler = HTTPRealmFinderHandler()
handler.add_password(None, domain, 'foo', 'bar')
self.handler = handler
opener = urllib2.build_opener(handler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
def ping(self, url):
try:
urllib2.urlopen(url)
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
pass
def get(self):
self.ping(self.url)
try:
realm = self.handler.realm
except AttributeError:
realm = None
return realm
def prt(self):
print self.get()
if __name__ == '__main__':
pinger = HTTPinger()
pinger.ping('https://example.com/nonexistent/path', 'username', 'password')
pinger = HTTPinger()
pinger.ping('https://example.com/basic/auth/protected/path', 'username', 'password')
finder = HTTPRealmFinder('https://example.com/basic/auth/protected/path')
finder.prt()
|
My first thought was to use httplib, but I could not see a way to do the basic HTTP auth with that, so I turned to urllib2.
There has been some discussion lately about augmenting the urllib2 examples, but it still was not very clear how to do what I needed to do. Hopefully this will help the next person.
http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-httplib.html http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-urllib2.html http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-urlparse.html
HTTP Basic auth. HTTP basic auth is implemented with a single header:
The base64-encoded string is constructed like:
urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm also does what you want, allowing you to use None as a generic realm when no other realm matches.
Thanks Ian, it works. The following code, I use to access my E-Tech router HTML-page, which is authenticated: