#!/usr/bin/env python
# Backup files - As published in Python Cookbook
# by O'Reilly with some bug-fixes.
# Credit: Anand Pillai, Tiago Henriques, Mario Ruggier
import sys,os, shutil, filecmp
MAXVERSIONS=100
BAKFOLDER = '.bak'
def backup_files(tree_top, bakdir_name=BAKFOLDER):
""" Directory back up function. Takes the top-level
directory and an optional backup folder name as arguments.
By default the backup folder is a folder named '.bak' created
inside the folder which is backed up. If another directory
path is passed as value of this argument, the backup versions
are created inside that directory instead. Maximum of
'MAXVERSIONS' simultaneous versions can be maintained
Example usage
-------------
The command
$ python backup.py ~/programs
will create backups of every file inside ~/programs
inside sub-directories named '.bak' inside each folder.
For example, the backups of files inside ~/programs will
be found in ~/programs/.bak, the backup of files inside
~/programs/python in ~/programs/python/.bak etc.
The command
$ python backup.py ~/programs ~/backups
will create backups of every file inside ~/backups/programs
folder. No .bak folder is created. Instead backups of
files in ~/programs will be inside ~/backups/programs,
backups of files in ~/programs/python will be inside
~/backups/programs/python etc.
"""
top_dir = os.path.basename(tree_top)
tree_top += os.sep
for dir, subdirs, files in os.walk(tree_top):
if os.path.isabs(bakdir_name):
relpath = dir.replace(tree_top,'')
backup_dir = os.path.join(bakdir_name, top_dir, relpath)
else:
backup_dir = os.path.join(dir, bakdir_name)
if not os.path.exists(backup_dir):
os.makedirs(backup_dir)
# To avoid recursing into sub-directories
subdirs[:] = [d for d in subdirs if d != bakdir_name]
for f in files:
filepath = os.path.join(dir, f)
destpath = os.path.join(backup_dir, f)
# Check existence of previous versions
for index in xrange(MAXVERSIONS):
backup = '%s.%2.2d' % (destpath, index)
abspath = os.path.abspath(filepath)
if index > 0:
# No need to backup if file and last version
# are identical
old_backup = '%s.%2.2d' % (destpath, index-1)
if not os.path.exists(old_backup): break
abspath = os.path.abspath(old_backup)
try:
if os.path.isfile(abspath) and filecmp.cmp(abspath, filepath, shallow=False):
continue
except OSError:
pass
try:
if not os.path.exists(backup):
print 'Copying %s to %s...' % (filepath, backup)
shutil.copy(filepath, backup)
except (OSError, IOError), e:
pass
if __name__=="__main__":
if len(sys.argv)<2:
sys.exit("Usage: %s [directory] [backup directory]" % sys.argv[0])
tree_top = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(sys.argv[1])))
if len(sys.argv)>=3:
bakfolder = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(sys.argv[2])))
else:
bakfolder = BAKFOLDER
if os.path.isdir(tree_top):
backup_files(tree_top, bakfolder)
